The Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Exposure on Respiratory Syncytial Virus-associated Severe Respiratory Illness in South African Infants, 2011-2016

Meredith L McMorrow; Stefano Tempia; Sibongile Walaza; Florette K Treurnicht; Jocelyn Moyes; Adam L Cohen; Marthi Pretorius; Orienka Hellferscee; Nicole Wolter; Anne von Gottberg; Arthemon Nguweneza; Johanna M McAnerney; Fathima Naby; Omphile Mekgoe; Marietjie Venter; Shabir A Madhi; Cheryl Cohen

doi:10.1093/cid/ciz288

The Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Exposure on Respiratory Syncytial Virus-associated Severe Respiratory Illness in South African Infants, 2011-2016

Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Nov 27;69(12):2208-2211. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciz288.

Authors

Meredith L McMorrow^{1

2

3}, Stefano Tempia^{1

2

4

5}, Sibongile Walaza^{4

6}, Florette K Treurnicht^{4

7}, Jocelyn Moyes^{4

6}, Adam L Cohen^{1

2

3

8}, Marthi Pretorius^{4

9}, Orienka Hellferscee^{4

7}, Nicole Wolter^{4

7}, Anne von Gottberg^{4

7}, Arthemon Nguweneza⁴, Johanna M McAnerney⁴, Fathima Naby¹⁰, Omphile Mekgoe¹¹, Marietjie Venter¹², Shabir A Madhi^{13

14}, Cheryl Cohen^{4

6}

Affiliations

¹ Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
² Influenza Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pretoria, South Africa.
³ US Public Health Service, Rockville, Maryland.
⁴ Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, National Institute for Communicable Diseases of the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa.
⁵ Mass Genics, Duluth, Georgia.
⁶ School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa.
⁷ School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
⁸ Expanded Programme on Immunization, Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biological, World Health Organization, Geneva.
⁹ Technical Research and Development, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.
¹⁰ Department of Paediatrics, Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Hospitals, University of KwaZulu-Natal.
¹¹ Department of Paediatrics, Klerksdorp Hospital, North West Province.
¹² Emerging Vectorborne and Respiratory Virus Program, Center for Viral Zoonoses, Department of Medical Virology, University of Pretoria.
¹³ Medical Research Council, Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa.
¹⁴ Department of Science and Technology/National Research Foundation: Vaccine Preventable Diseases, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.

Abstract

From 2011 through 2016, we conducted surveillance for severe respiratory illness in infants. Human immunodeficiency virus exposure significantly increased the risk of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated hospitalization in infants aged <5 months. More than 60% of RSV-associated hospitalizations occurred in the first 4 months of life and may be preventable through maternal vaccination or birth-dose monoclonal antibody.

Keywords: South Africa; human immunodeficiency virus; incidence; respiratory syncytial virus.

Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2019.

Publication types

Historical Article
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

Coinfection*
Female
HIV Infections / epidemiology*
HIV Infections / virology
History, 21st Century
Hospitalization
Humans
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Male
Mass Screening
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / diagnosis
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / epidemiology*
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / history
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / virology*
Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human*
Severity of Illness Index
South Africa / epidemiology

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding