A 30-year Trend Analysis in the Epidemiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the Songpa-Kangdong District of Seoul, Korea in 1986-2015

J Crohns Colitis. 2019 Oct 28;13(11):1410-1417. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz081.

Abstract

Background and aims: Although the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] is increasing in Asia, data on long-term epidemiological trends are limited. We performed a 30-year longitudinal study to investigate temporal trends in the epidemiology of Crohn's disease [CD] and ulcerative colitis [UC] in Seoul, Korea.

Methods: This population-based study included 1431 IBD patients [418 CD, 1013 UC] diagnosed between 1986 and 2015 in the Songpa-Kangdong district of Seoul, Korea. Temporal trends in incidence, prevalence, and disease phenotype at diagnosis were analysed.

Results: The adjusted mean annual incidence rates of CD and UC per 100 000 inhabitants increased from 0.06 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.05-0.07) and 0.29 [95% CI, 0.27-0.31], respectively, in 1986-1990 to 2.44 [95% CI, 2.38-2.50] and 5.82 [95% CI, 5.73-5.92], respectively, in 2011-2015. Average annual percentage change in IBD incidence was 12.3% in 1986-1995, 12.3% in 1996-2005, and 3.3% in 2006-2015. The male-to-female ratio of the adjusted incidence rate was 3.3:1 for CD and 1.2:1 for UC. Perianal fistula/abscess was present in 43.3% of patients before or at CD diagnosis. At diagnosis, 54.3% of UC patients presented only with proctitis. The adjusted prevalence rate in 2015 was 31.59/100 000 [95% CI, 31.10-32.07] for CD and 76.66/100 000 [95% CI, 75.91-77.42] for UC.

Conclusions: The incidence and prevalence of IBD in Korea have continued to increase over the past three decades. Korean patients have distinct demographic and phenotypic characteristics, including a male predominance and high frequency of perianal fistula/abscess in CD and high proportion of proctitis in UC.

Keywords: Crohn’s disease; SK-IBD Study; incidence; prevalence; ulcerative colitis.

MeSH terms

  • Abscess / epidemiology
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Aged
  • Anus Diseases / epidemiology
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Colitis, Ulcerative / epidemiology*
  • Crohn Disease / epidemiology*
  • Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prevalence
  • Proctitis / epidemiology
  • Rectal Fistula / epidemiology
  • Republic of Korea / epidemiology
  • Sex Distribution
  • Young Adult