Purpose of review: This review of the literature aims to discuss the evidence linking different lipid and apolipoprotein measures to peripheral artery disease.
Recent findings: Measures of atherogenic dyslipidemia, including elevations in total cholesterol and total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol as well as low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, are strongly associated with future risk of peripheral artery disease. Compared to coronary artery disease, there are fewer data showing an association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and future risk of peripheral artery disease. Novel lipid measures, including nuclear magnetic resonance-derived lipoproteins and oxidized lipids, may lead to better assessments of future peripheral artery disease risk. These data highlight the important differences between lipid risk factors for peripheral and coronary artery disease. Improved understanding of these distinctions may lead to new therapeutic options for patients with peripheral artery disease.
Keywords: Apolipoproteins; Atherosclerosis; Cholesterol; Dyslipidemia; Lipoproteins; Peripheral artery disease.