Ameliorative role of boron to toxicity of aluminum in trifoliate orange roots

Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2019 Sep 15:179:212-221. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.04.054. Epub 2019 Apr 29.

Abstract

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major limiting factor for plant productivity. Boron (B) could mitigate Al toxicity in many plant species. However, information about the mechanisms of B alleviating Al toxicity in citrus is lacking. Trifoliate orange rootstock (Poncirus trifoliate L. Raf.) seedlings were irrigated with a nutrient solution containing two B and two Al levels. Results showed that exposure to Al severely impeded plant growth-related parameters. However, B supply improved plant biomass, root activity and relative root elongation under Al stress. Furthermore, B reduced the Al-induced H2O2 accumulation in roots as evidenced by lower fluorescence intensity of H2O2 staining. Boron decreased the Al-stimulated ascorbate (AsA) synthesis by down-regulated AsA synthesis-related metabolites in the L-galactose pathway. Boron alleviated some of the toxic effects of Al by decreasing redox states of AsA and enzyme activities involved in ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle, ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase while increased glutathione (GSH) content and γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS) activity. Overall, our results suggest that B protects roots against Al-induced oxidative stress possibly by reducing metabolites accumulation in the L-galactose pathway of AsA synthesis and regulating AsA-GSH cycle.

Keywords: Aluminum toxicity; AsA-GSH cycle; Boron; L-galactose pathway; Trifoliate orange rootstock.

MeSH terms

  • Agricultural Irrigation
  • Aluminum / toxicity*
  • Ascorbate Peroxidases / metabolism
  • Ascorbic Acid / metabolism
  • Boron / pharmacology*
  • China
  • Glutathione / metabolism
  • Glutathione Peroxidase / metabolism
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / metabolism
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects*
  • Plant Roots / drug effects*
  • Poncirus / drug effects*
  • Protective Agents / pharmacology*
  • Soil Pollutants / toxicity*

Substances

  • Protective Agents
  • Soil Pollutants
  • Hydrogen Peroxide
  • Aluminum
  • Ascorbate Peroxidases
  • Glutathione Peroxidase
  • Glutathione
  • Boron
  • Ascorbic Acid