Safety of Dual-Antiplatelet Therapy After Myocardial Infarction Among Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

J Am Heart Assoc. 2019 May 21;8(10):e012236. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.119.012236.

Abstract

Background Although recommended in the guidelines, the safety of chronic P2Y12 inhibitor therapy in patients with chronic kidney disease ( CKD ) after an acute myocardial infarction ( MI ) is not well studied. Methods and Results The TRANSLATE -ACS (Treatment with ADP Inhibitors: Longitudinal Assessment of Treatment Patterns and Events After Acute Coronary Syndrome) study included 11 108 MI patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention and discharged alive on a P2Y12 inhibitor from 233 US hospitals. We compared rates of GUSTO (Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Arteries) severe/moderate bleeding and premature discontinuation of P2Y12 inhibitor by 1 year after MI among patients with varying CKD severity. The majority of MI patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention had CKD : 42% had stage 2 (mild), 27% had stage 3 (moderate), and 4% had stage ≥4 (severe/end stage). Higher potency P2Y12 inhibitors (prasugrel or ticagrelor) were prescribed at discharge in 39%, 35%, 23%, and 15% ( P<0.01) of patients with stages 1, 2, 3, and ≥4, respectively. One-year GUSTO severe/moderate bleeding rates were higher with each stage of CKD : 1% in patients with CKD stage 1 or no CKD , 2% with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.61 (95% CI, 1.05-2.35) for CKD stage 2, 4% with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.92 (95% CI, 1.21-3.02) for CKD stage 3, and 10% with an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.44 (95% CI, 1.40-4.23) for patients with CKD stage ≥4. By 1 year after MI , 16% of patients overall had prematurely discontinued P2Y12 inhibitor therapy; however, this rate was not largely affected by CKD stage. Premature P2Y12 inhibitor-discontinuation rates were higher for patients discharged on higher potency P2Y12 inhibitors in patients with CKD stage ≥2 ( P<0.01). Conclusions CKD severity was associated with a higher bleeding risk among those with acute MI treated with a P2Y12 inhibitor. Patients with more advanced CKD were not significantly more likely than those with less advance CKD to prematurely discontinue P2Y12 inhibitor therapy.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01088503.

Keywords: antiplatelet therapy; chronic kidney disease; discontinuation.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Dual Anti-Platelet Therapy / adverse effects*
  • Female
  • Hemorrhage / chemically induced*
  • Hemorrhage / diagnosis
  • Hemorrhage / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis
  • Myocardial Infarction / epidemiology
  • Myocardial Infarction / therapy*
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / adverse effects*
  • Prevalence
  • Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists / administration & dosage
  • Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists / adverse effects*
  • Registries
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / diagnosis
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / epidemiology*
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United States / epidemiology

Substances

  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01088503