Efficacy and safety of dupilumab monotherapy in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a pooled analysis of two phase 3 randomized trials (LIBERTY AD SOLO 1 and LIBERTY AD SOLO 2)

J Dermatol Sci. 2019 May;94(2):266-275. doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.02.002. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Abstract

Background: Two phase 3 trials with identical design, LIBERTY AD SOLO 1 (NCT02277743) and LIBERTY AD SOLO 2 (NCT02277769), confirmed dupilumab efficacy and safety versus placebo in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Objectives: To report a pooled analysis of these trials to further explore dupilumab's effects on AD clinical parameters, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), symptoms of anxiety/depression, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and safety.

Methods: A pooled analysis of two 16-week phase 3 studies in adults with moderate-to-severe AD (N = 1379) inadequately controlled with/inadvisable for topical medications, randomized to dupilumab 300 mg once weekly (qw), every 2 weeks (q2w), or placebo.

Results: Dupilumab significantly improved all pre-specified efficacy endpoints versus placebo (P < 0.0001), including clinical severity outcomes and PROs, symptoms of anxiety/depression, and HRQoL, consistent with previously published results. In post-hoc analyses, among patients reporting at least some baseline pain/discomfort on the EuroQoL-5D, no pain/discomfort at Week 16 was reported by 43%/46%/14% of dupilumab qw/q2w/placebo-treated patients (P < 0.0001). The distribution of dupilumab-treated patients within pre-defined score categories on the Investigator's Global Assessment (0-1/2/3/4) and Eczema Area and Severity Index (≥90%/≥75-<90%/≥50-<75%/<50%) steadily and consistently improved over time versus marginal changes with placebo. Dupilumab significantly improved pruritus within 1-3 days of treatment initiation. No new safety signals were observed. Injection-site reactions and conjunctivitis were more common with dupilumab; AD exacerbation and non-herpetic skin infections more frequent with placebo.

Conclusions: Dupilumab versus placebo significantly improved objective AD signs, subjective PROs, symptoms of anxiety/depression, and HRQoL, with a favorable benefit-risk profile in adults with moderate-to-severe AD.

Keywords: Adults; Dupilumab; Efficacy; Moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis; Pooled analysis; Safety.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / administration & dosage*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / adverse effects
  • Anxiety / diagnosis
  • Anxiety / etiology
  • Anxiety / prevention & control
  • Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic
  • Conjunctivitis / chemically induced
  • Conjunctivitis / epidemiology
  • Depression / diagnosis
  • Depression / etiology
  • Depression / prevention & control
  • Dermatitis, Atopic / complications
  • Dermatitis, Atopic / diagnosis
  • Dermatitis, Atopic / drug therapy*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Injection Site Reaction / epidemiology
  • Injection Site Reaction / etiology
  • Injections, Subcutaneous / adverse effects
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pain / diagnosis
  • Pain / drug therapy*
  • Pain / etiology
  • Pain Measurement
  • Placebos / administration & dosage
  • Placebos / adverse effects
  • Quality of Life*
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Placebos
  • dupilumab