Projection-Resolved Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography of the Peripapillary Retina in Glaucoma

Am J Ophthalmol. 2019 Nov:207:99-109. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2019.05.024. Epub 2019 Jun 3.

Abstract

Purpose: To detect plexus-specific peripapillary retinal perfusion defects in glaucoma, using projection-resolved optical coherence tomography angiography (PR-OCTA).

Design: Prospective cross-sectional study.

Methods: One eye each of 45 perimetric glaucoma participants and 37 age-matched normal participants were scanned using 4.5-mm OCTA scans centered on the disc. The PR-OCTA algorithm removed flow projection artifacts in OCT angiograms. Five en face OCTA slabs were analyzed: nerve fiber layer plexus (NFLP), ganglion cell layer plexus (GCLP), superficial vascular complex (SVC [NFLP + GCLP]), deep vascular complex (DVC), and all plexi combined. Peripapillary retinal capillary density (CD) and vessel density (VD) were calculated using a reflectance-compensated algorithm.

Results: Focal capillary dropout could be visualized more clearly in the NFLP than in the other slabs. The NFLP, SVC, and all-plexus CD in the glaucoma group were significantly lower (P < 0.001) than in the normal group, but no significant differences in GCLP-CD and DVC-CD appeared between the 2 groups. Both NFLP-CD and SVC-CD had excellent diagnostic accuracy, as measured by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AROC = 0.981 and 0.976), correlation with visual field mean deviation (Pearson r = 0.819 and 0.831), and repeatability (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.947 and 0.942). Performances of NFLP-VD and SVC-VD were similar to the corresponding CD parameters.

Conclusions: In this glaucoma group, reduction in perfusion was more pronounced in superficial layers of the peripapillary retina (NFLP and SVC) than in the deeper layers. Reflectance-compensated CD and VD parameters for both NFLP and SVC could be useful in the clinical management of glaucoma.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Capillaries / pathology
  • Capillaries / physiopathology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Fluorescein Angiography / methods*
  • Fundus Oculi
  • Glaucoma / diagnosis*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Microcirculation / physiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Nerve Fibers / pathology
  • Optic Disk / blood supply*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Retinal Ganglion Cells / pathology*
  • Retinal Vessels / pathology*
  • Retinal Vessels / physiopathology
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence / methods*