Propofol-mediated cardioprotection dependent of microRNA-451/HMGB1 against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury

Administration of propofol at the time of reperfusion has shown to protect the heart from ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular mechanism underling the cardioprotective effect of propofol against myocardial I/R injury (MIRI) in vivo and in vitro. Rat heart I/R injury was induced by ligation of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery for 30 min followed by 2-hr reperfusion. Propofol pretreatment (0.01 mg/g) was performed 10 min before reperfusion. In vitro MIRI was investigated in cultured cardiomyocytes H9C2 following hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injuries. Propofol pretreatment in vitro was achieved in the medium supplemented with 25 μmol/L propofol before H/R injuries. Propofol pretreatment significantly increased miRNA-451 expression, decreased HMGB1 expression, reduced infarct size, and I/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rat hearts undergoing I/R injuries. Knockdown of miRNA-451 48 hr before I/R injury was found to increase HMGB1 expression, infarct size, and I/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rat hearts in the presence of propofol pretreatment. These in vivo findings were reproduced in vivo that knockdown of miRNA-451 48 hr before H/R injuries increased HMGB1 expression and H/R-induced apoptosis in cultured H9C2 supplemented with propofol. In addition, luciferase activity assays and gain-of-function studies found that propofol could decrease HMGB1, the target of miRNA-541. Taken together our findings provide a first demonstration that propofol-mediated cardioprotection against MIRI is dependent of microRNA-451/HMGB1. The study provides a novel target to prevent I/R injury during propofol anesthesia.