How far we have come: A review of the evolution of posterior approach ptosis surgery

Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2019 Nov;47(8):1082-1087. doi: 10.1111/ceo.13574. Epub 2019 Jul 4.

Abstract

We revisit the evolution of posterior approach ptosis surgery. We address the early attempts at ptosis surgery, assess the more modern approach by de Blaskovics, followed by the division into "open sky" and "closed" techniques. The simultaneous developments occurring in America and Europe are described, along with refinement of surgical approaches such as conjunctival-sparing posterior approach ptosis surgery.

Keywords: blepharoptosis; congenital ptosis; ptosis; surgery.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Aponeurosis / surgery
  • Blepharoplasty / methods*
  • Blepharoptosis / surgery*
  • Eyelids / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Oculomotor Muscles / surgery