Peritoneal Metastases in a Patient-derived Orthotopic Xenograft (PDOX) Model of Colon Cancer Imaged Non-invasively via Red Fluorescent Protein Labeled Stromal Cells

Anticancer Res. 2019 Jul;39(7):3463-3467. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.13492.

Abstract

Background/aim: Patient-derived orthotopic xenograft (PDOX) models have patient-like clinical features and may be imaged, in case of some cancers, by passaging of the tumors through transgenic nude mice expressing red-fluorescent protein (RFP) where they stably acquire RFP expressing stroma. The aim of the present study was to quantify red fluorescent area and intensity in colon-cancer peritoneal metastases in PDOX models in non-transgenic nude mice after passage in RFP transgenic nude mice by non-invasive external fluorescence imaging.

Materials and methods: Tumor fragments originating from a colon cancer patient with peritoneal metastases were implanted in transgenic RFP nude mice. Resultant tumors were harvested, and fragments were implanted in the same strain a second time. Passaged tumors stably acquired RFP-expressing stroma from their transgenic hosts. The tumor with RFP-expressing stromal cells were harvested and implanted orthotopically in non-transgenic nude mice. At eight weeks post-implantation, non-invasive external RFP images were obtained. RFP area and intensity were measured and correlated with tumor weight and volume.

Results: Metastatic patient colon cancer can be stably and brightly labeled by passage in transgenic RFP-expressing nude mice such that tumor growth could be non-invasively imaged. Tumor growing could be non-invasively imaged when passaged to non-transgenic nude mice. A strong correlation between fluorescence intensity and area values with tumor weight and volume were established by external fluorescence imaging.

Conclusion: This new tumor model of metastatic colon cancer can be used to evaluate novel therapeutics in real time for this recalcitrant disease.

Keywords: Patient-derived orthotopic xenograft; colon cancer; non-invasive imaging; peritoneal metastases; red-fluorescent protein; stromal cells.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Colonic Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Colonic Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Colonic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Colonic Neoplasms / secondary
  • Humans
  • Luminescent Proteins / metabolism*
  • Mice, Nude
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Optical Imaging
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / etiology
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Red Fluorescent Protein
  • Stromal Cells / metabolism*
  • Tumor Burden
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Luminescent Proteins