Subclinical Coronary Atherosclerosis: Implication of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Findings among Statin Candidates according to the 2013 ACC/AHA Cholesterol Management Guidelines

Korean J Radiol. 2019 Jul;20(7):1156-1166. doi: 10.3348/kjr.2018.0016.

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the cardiovascular outcome of statin medication in individuals retrospectively categorized on the basis of the 2013 American College of Cardiology and American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines risk assessment and to determine the additional prognostic value of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in assessing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in this group.

Materials and methods: This retrospective study reviewed 4255 asymptomatic individuals who had undergone self-referred CCTA with a median follow-up period of 87 months. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACEs); these included cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and unstable angina. Individuals recommended for statins according to the ACC/AHA guidelines were analyzed by their assessed risk.

Results: MACE occurrence was significantly higher in the statin-recommended (SR) group with significant coronary artery disease (CAD) than in those with insignificant CAD (p < 0.001). In individuals with a normal coronary artery on CCTA, MACEs did not occur regardless of statin medication. In the SR group with significant CAD, there was no significant difference between statin users and non-users (p = 0.810). However, in cases with insignificant CAD, the event-free survival was significantly lower among statin users (p = 0.034). In patients recommended for moderate-intensity statins, the segment involvement score on CCTA was significantly associated with a higher risk of MACEs (hazard ratio 2.558; p = 0.001).

Conclusion: CCTA might have a potential role in CVD risk stratification among asymptomatic statin candidates.

Keywords: Atherosclerosis; Coronary CT angiography; Coronary artery; Statin.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • American Heart Association
  • Computed Tomography Angiography / methods*
  • Coronary Angiography / methods*
  • Coronary Artery Disease / diagnostic imaging*
  • Coronary Artery Disease / drug therapy*
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Prognosis
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods
  • United States

Substances

  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors