Preoperative "R wave amplitude variation" on electrocardiogram predicts severe hypovolemia

Ann Card Anaesth. 2019 Jul-Sep;22(3):340-342. doi: 10.4103/aca.ACA_70_18.

Abstract

Preoperative fasting is essential to prevent aspiration and associated complications. However, quite often patients end up fasting for 12 h or more due to changes in the operating room schedules, delays, and postponements. Preoperative fasting may lead to a fluid deficit, which may contribute to perioperative discomfort and morbidity. We report a case of 44-year-old female posted for total mastectomy with axillary clearance for carcinoma breast, with prolonged fasting where preoperative R wave amplitude variation along with associated changes in the plethysmograph was noticed on the monitor. 500 milliliters of lactated ringer solution was administered before induction of anesthesia, by the time R wave amplitude variation decreased. Variations in plethysmography became normal after 1 L of fluid administration after induction of anesthesia. Gross R wave amplitude variation is not a very common finding and may predict severe hypovolemia in preoperative area in prolonged fasting patients.

Keywords: Anesthesia; electrocardiography; general; hypovolemia; plethysmography.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Electrocardiography*
  • Fasting / adverse effects*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypovolemia / etiology*
  • Mastectomy
  • Preoperative Care*