Humanized anti-CD271 monoclonal antibody exerts an anti-tumor effect by depleting cancer stem cells

Cancer Lett. 2019 Oct 1:461:144-152. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.07.011. Epub 2019 Jul 17.

Abstract

CD271, known as a neurotrophin receptor, is expressed in various cancers such as hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) and melanoma. We recently reported that CD271 is a cancer-stem-cell biomarker of HPC, and that its expression is essential for cancer-cell proliferation and is correlated with a poor prognosis in this disease. Here, to develop a therapeutic antibody to CD271, we established a humanized anti-CD271 monoclonal antibody (hCD271 mA b). hCD271 mA b bound to the cysteine-rich domain 1 (CRD1) of human CD271 with high affinity (KD = 1.697 × 10-9 M). In vitro, hCD271 mA b exerted antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity against SP2/0-CD271 (human CD271-transduced mouse cell line). Treatment with hCD271 mA b also exerted anti-tumor activity in graft models of three cell lines (HPCM2 (patient-derived xenograft cell line of hypopharyngeal cancer), MeWo-Luc (melanoma cell line), and SP2/0-CD271) in mice, resulting in smaller tumors compared to controls and reduced numbers of CD271-positive cells. Collectively, these data suggest that an antibody targeting CD271 is a promising therapeutic strategy.

Keywords: Antibody therapy; Antibody-dependent cellular toxicity; CD271; Hypopharyngeal cancer; Melanoma.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / immunology
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / pharmacology*
  • Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity*
  • Apoptosis
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / immunology
  • Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / pathology
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Lung Neoplasms / immunology
  • Lung Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology
  • Melanoma / drug therapy*
  • Melanoma / immunology
  • Melanoma / metabolism
  • Melanoma / pathology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Inbred NOD
  • Mice, SCID
  • Neoplastic Stem Cells / drug effects*
  • Neoplastic Stem Cells / immunology
  • Neoplastic Stem Cells / metabolism
  • Neoplastic Stem Cells / pathology
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / immunology*
  • Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor / immunology*
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • NGFR protein, human
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins
  • Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor