Superior oblique enlargement in thyroid eye disease

J AAPOS. 2019 Oct;23(5):252.e1-252.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2019.04.010. Epub 2019 Jul 22.

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the extent of superior oblique enlargement in thyroid eye disease (TED) by comparing the cross-sectional superior oblique areas of TED patients with those of unaffected control subjects.

Methods: The medical records of TED patients treated for strabismus from January 2005 to January 2016 were reviewed retrospectively for demographic and surgical data. The cross-sectional superior oblique area was compared to age-matched controls on high-resolution orbital computed tomography (CT) using a standardized protocol.

Results: A total of 46 TED patients and 18 controls were included. The mean superior oblique cross-sectional area in TED subjects was 250% larger than in controls (22.88 ± 6.64 mm2 vs 9.32 ± 1.85 mm2. The mean cross-sectional area was >3 standard deviations from the mean of the control group in 96% of TED patients.

Conclusions: Superior oblique enlargement in TED may occur more frequently than generally recognized, challenging the notion that TED is primarily a disease of the rectus muscles.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Female
  • Graves Ophthalmopathy / complications*
  • Graves Ophthalmopathy / diagnostic imaging
  • Humans
  • Hypertrophy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Oculomotor Muscles / diagnostic imaging
  • Oculomotor Muscles / pathology*
  • Oculomotor Muscles / surgery
  • Orbit / diagnostic imaging
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Strabismus / surgery
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Young Adult