Is clinician assessment accurate or is routine pan-body CT needed in the stable intoxicated trauma patient?

Am J Surg. 2019 Oct;218(4):755-759. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2019.07.010. Epub 2019 Jul 17.

Abstract

Background: We sought to determine if clinician suspicion of injury was useful in predicting injuries found on pan-body computed tomography (PBCT) in clinically intoxicated patients.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled awake, intoxicated patients with low-energy mechanism of injury. For each of four body regions (head/face, neck, thorax and abdomen/pelvis), clinician suspicion for injury was recorded as "low index" or "more than a low index". The reference standard was the presence of any pre-defined significant finding (SF) on CT. Sensitivity, specificity, positive (LR+) and negative (LR-) likelihood ratios were calculated.

Results: Enrollment of 103 patients was completed. Sensitivity, specificity, LR+ and LR-for clinician index of suspicion were: 56%, 68%, 1.75, 0.64 (head/face), 50%, 92%, 6.18, 0.54 (neck), 10%, 96%, 2.60, 0.94 (thorax) and 67%, 93%, 9.56, 0.36 (abdomen/pelvis).

Conclusion: Clinician judgement was most useful to guide need for CT imaging in the neck and abdomen/pelvis. Routine PBCT may not be necessary.

Summary: For awake, stable intoxicated patients after falls and assaults, clinician index of suspicion was most useful to guide the need for CT imaging in the neck and abdomen/pelvis. Our findings support selective use of CT if the index of suspicion is low. Routine PBCT may not be necessary.

Keywords: Clinical judgement; Computed tomography; Intoxicated falls; Low energy trauma; Suspicion of injury.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Accidental Falls
  • Adult
  • Alcoholic Intoxication / complications*
  • Alcoholic Intoxication / diagnostic imaging*
  • Clinical Competence*
  • Clinical Decision-Making*
  • Emergency Service, Hospital
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prospective Studies
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed*
  • Violence
  • Wounds, Nonpenetrating / diagnostic imaging*
  • Wounds, Nonpenetrating / etiology