Integrated specialized atrial fibrillation clinics reduce all-cause mortality: post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial

Europace. 2019 Dec 1;21(12):1785-1792. doi: 10.1093/europace/euz209.

Abstract

Aims: An integrated chronic care programme in terms of a specialized outpatient clinic for patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), has demonstrated improved clinical outcomes. The aim of this study is to assess all-cause mortality in patients in whom AF management was delivered through a specialized outpatient clinic offering an integrated chronic care programme.

Methods and results: Post hoc analysis of a Prospective Randomized Open Blinded Endpoint Clinical trial to assess all-cause mortality in AF patients. The study included 712 patients with newly diagnosed AF, who were referred for AF management to the outpatient service of a University hospital. In the specialized outpatient clinic (AF-Clinic), comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and patient-centred AF care was provided, i.e. nurse-driven, physician supervised AF treatment guided by software based on the latest guidelines. The control group received usual care by a cardiologist in the regular outpatient setting.After a mean follow-up of 22 months, all-cause mortality amounted 3.7% (13 patients) in the AF-Clinic arm and 8.1% (29 patients) in usual care [hazard ratio (HR) 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.23-0.85; P = 0.014]. This included cardiovascular mortality in 4 AF-Clinic patients (1.1%) and 14 patients (3.9%) in usual care (HR 0.28; 95% CI 0.09-0.85; P = 0.025). Further, 9 patients (2.5%) died in the AF-Clinic arm due to a non-cardiovascular reason and 15 patients (4.2%) in the usual care arm (HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.26-1.34; P = 0.206).

Conclusion: An integrated specialized AF-Clinic reduces all-cause mortality compared with usual care. These findings provide compelling evidence that an integrated approach should be widely implemented in AF management.

Keywords: Atrial fibrillation; Integrated care; Mortality; Multidisciplinary teams; Nurse co-ordination.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Ambulatory Care / organization & administration*
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / therapeutic use
  • Anticoagulants / therapeutic use*
  • Atrial Fibrillation / complications
  • Atrial Fibrillation / therapy*
  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / mortality
  • Cardiovascular Nursing
  • Cause of Death
  • Decision Support Systems, Clinical
  • Delivery of Health Care / organization & administration*
  • Digitalis Glycosides / therapeutic use
  • Disease Management
  • Female
  • Guideline Adherence
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mortality*
  • Nurse Specialists
  • Patient Care Team / organization & administration*
  • Patient Education as Topic / methods*
  • Patient-Centered Care
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Stroke / etiology
  • Stroke / prevention & control*

Substances

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
  • Anticoagulants
  • Digitalis Glycosides