Restrictive measure for the commercialization of antimicrobials in Brazil: results achieved

Rev Saude Publica. 2019 Aug 19:53:68. doi: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2019053000879.
[Article in English, Portuguese]

Abstract

Objective: To assess whether the incidence of hospital infection by a resistant microorganism decreased after the implementation of the restrictive measure of the National Health Surveillance Agency for the commercialization of antimicrobials.

Methods: A historical cohort study of medical records of adult patients admitted to a general and public hospital from May 2010 to July 2011. A cohort was formed with patients admitted in the period before the restrictive measure for the commercialization of antimicrobials (Phase I) and a second cohort was formed with patients admitted after the implementation of the restrictive measure (Phase II).

Results: The instantaneous risk of hospital infection by a resistant microorganism was estimated at seven by 1,000 people-time (95%CI 0.006-0.008) in Phase I, and four by 1,000 people-time (95%CI 0.003-0.005) in Phase II of the study. The differences between the survival curves in the different phases of the study and stratified by age group were also significant (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: The results suggest that the implementation of the restrictive measure of the commercialization of antimicrobials by the National Health Surveillance Agency reduced the incidence of hospital infection by a resistant microorganism.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Brazil
  • Cohort Studies
  • Cross Infection / drug therapy*
  • Cross Infection / prevention & control*
  • Drug Monitoring
  • Drug Resistance, Microbial*
  • Drug Utilization / legislation & jurisprudence
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infection Control / methods
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prescription Drug Overuse / adverse effects
  • Prescription Drug Overuse / legislation & jurisprudence*
  • Prescription Drug Overuse / statistics & numerical data
  • beta-Lactamases / drug effects

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • beta-Lactamases

Grants and funding

Funding: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG - Process APQ-01651-11).