Atherogenesis in the Carotid Artery with and without Interrupted Blood Flow of Two Hyperlipidemic Mouse Strains

J Vasc Res. 2019;56(5):241-254. doi: 10.1159/000502691. Epub 2019 Sep 19.

Abstract

Purpose: Atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries is a common cause of ischemic stroke. We examined atherogenesis in the left carotid artery with and without interrupted blood flow of C57BL/6 (B6) and C3H-Apoe-deficient (Apoe-/-) mouse strains.

Methods: Blood flow was interrupted by ligating the common carotid artery near its bifurcation in one group of mice and another group was not interrupted.

Results: Without interference with blood flow, C3H-Apoe-/- mice developed no atherosclerosis in the carotid artery, while B6-Apoe-/- mice formed advanced atherosclerotic lesions (98,019 ± 10,594 μm2/section) after 12 weeks of a Western diet. When blood flow was interrupted by ligating the common carotid artery near its bifurcation, C3H-Apoe-/- mice showed fatty streak lesions 2 weeks after ligation, and by 4 weeks fibrous lesions had formed, although they were smaller than in B6-Apoe-/- mice. Neutrophil adhesion to endothelium and infiltration in lesions was observed in ligated arteries of both strains. Treatment of B6-Apoe-/- mice with antibody against neutrophils had little effect on lesion size.

Conclusions: These findings demonstrate the dramatic influences of genetic backgrounds and blood flow on atherogenesis in the carotid artery of hyperlipidemic mice.

Keywords: Atherosclerosis; Blood flow; Carotid artery; Genetic background; Hyperlipidemia.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carotid Artery Diseases / etiology*
  • Carotid Artery Diseases / genetics
  • Carotid Artery Diseases / pathology
  • Carotid Artery Diseases / physiopathology
  • Carotid Artery, Common / pathology
  • Carotid Artery, Common / physiopathology*
  • Carotid Artery, Common / surgery
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Female
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Hyperlipidemias / complications*
  • Hyperlipidemias / genetics
  • Ligation
  • Male
  • Mice, Inbred C3H
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout, ApoE
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic*
  • Regional Blood Flow
  • Species Specificity
  • Time Factors