A tailored molecular profiling programme for children with cancer to identify clinically actionable genetic alterations

Eur J Cancer. 2019 Nov:121:224-235. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.07.027. Epub 2019 Sep 19.

Abstract

Background: For children with cancer, the clinical integration of precision medicine to enable predictive biomarker-based therapeutic stratification is urgently needed.

Methods: We have developed a hybrid-capture next-generation sequencing (NGS) panel, specifically designed to detect genetic alterations in paediatric solid tumours, which gives reliable results from as little as 50 ng of DNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. In this study, we offered an NGS panel, with clinical reporting via a molecular tumour board for children with solid tumours. Furthermore, for a cohort of 12 patients, we used a circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA)-specific panel to sequence ctDNA from matched plasma samples and compared plasma and tumour findings.

Results: A total of 255 samples were submitted from 223 patients for the NGS panel. Using FFPE tissue, 82% of all submitted samples passed quality control for clinical reporting. At least one genetic alteration was detected in 70% of sequenced samples. The overall detection rate of clinically actionable alterations, defined by modified OncoKB criteria, for all sequenced samples was 51%. A total of 8 patients were sequenced at different stages of treatment. In 6 of these, there were differences in the genetic alterations detected between time points. Sequencing of matched ctDNA in a cohort of extracranial paediatric solid tumours also identified a high detection rate of somatic alterations in plasma.

Conclusion: We demonstrate that tailored clinical molecular profiling of both tumour DNA and plasma-derived ctDNA is feasible for children with solid tumours. Furthermore, we show that a targeted NGS panel-based approach can identify actionable genetic alterations in a high proportion of patients.

Keywords: Circulating tumour DNA; Clinical targeted sequencing; Paediatric oncology; Personalised medicine.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Biopsy
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Circulating Tumor DNA / analysis
  • Circulating Tumor DNA / genetics*
  • DNA, Neoplasm / analysis
  • DNA, Neoplasm / genetics*
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Profiling / methods*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / methods*
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Matched-Pair Analysis
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / diagnosis
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / genetics
  • Neoplasms / blood
  • Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Neoplasms / genetics
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • Pilot Projects
  • Precision Medicine / methods*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Transcriptome*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Circulating Tumor DNA
  • DNA, Neoplasm