Abstract
Despite remarkable success of immune checkpoint inhibitors, the majority of cancer patients have yet to receive durable benefits. Here, in order to investigate the metabolic alterations in response to immune checkpoint blockade, we comprehensively profile serum metabolites in advanced melanoma and renal cell carcinoma patients treated with nivolumab, an antibody against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1). We identify serum kynurenine/tryptophan ratio increases as an adaptive resistance mechanism associated with worse overall survival. This advocates for patient stratification and metabolic monitoring in immunotherapy clinical trials including those combining PD1 blockade with indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase/tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO/TDO) inhibitors.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Adaptation, Physiological / drug effects
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Aged
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Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / blood
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / drug therapy*
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Carcinoma, Renal Cell / metabolism
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Clinical Trials as Topic
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Everolimus / therapeutic use*
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Female
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Humans
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Kaplan-Meier Estimate
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Kidney Neoplasms / blood
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Kidney Neoplasms / drug therapy*
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Kidney Neoplasms / metabolism
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Kynurenine / blood
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Male
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Melanoma / blood
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Melanoma / drug therapy*
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Melanoma / metabolism
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Metabolomics*
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Middle Aged
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Nivolumab / therapeutic use*
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Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / antagonists & inhibitors
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Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / metabolism
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Treatment Outcome
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Tryptophan / blood
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents
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PDCD1 protein, human
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Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
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Nivolumab
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Kynurenine
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Tryptophan
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Everolimus