Binge alcohol use is not associated with alterations in striatal dopamine receptor binding or dopamine release

Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019 Dec 1:205:107627. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107627. Epub 2019 Oct 17.

Abstract

Background: Previous imaging studies using Positron Emission Tomography (PET) have shown that alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with a decrease in dopamine type 2/3 receptor (D2/3) binding and dopamine transmission. Although binge drinking is a risk factor for future AUD, little is known about the neurobiology of binge drinking in young adults. This study measured D2/3 receptor binding and stimulant-induced dopamine release using PET and [11C]raclopride in binge drinkers without an AUD.

Methods: This study included 14 healthy controls (HC) and 14 young adult binge drinkers (BD), aged 18-25. The BD met National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) criteria for binge drinking and the HC subjects were social drinkers. The subjects were scanned with [11C]raclopride before and after the administration of oral methylphenidate (60 mg) to measure D2/3 binding and dopamine release.

Results: There was no significant difference in the PET measures of D2/3 binding or methylphenidate-induced dopamine release between the two groups. There was no significant association between Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores or 30-day drinking history and the imaging data.

Conclusion: In this sample of 18-25-year-old binge drinkers without a diagnosis of a substance use disorder, there were no significant differences in D2/3 receptor binding potential or methylphenidate-induced dopamine release relative to healthy controls.

Keywords: Alcohol; Binge drinking; Dopamine; Imaging; PET; Raclopride.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Binge Drinking / metabolism*
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants / pharmacology
  • Corpus Striatum / drug effects*
  • Corpus Striatum / metabolism*
  • Dopamine / metabolism*
  • Ethanol / administration & dosage*
  • Ethanol / pharmacology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Methylphenidate / pharmacology
  • Positron-Emission Tomography
  • Raclopride / pharmacology
  • Radioligand Assay
  • Receptors, Dopamine D2 / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Dopamine D3 / metabolism*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Central Nervous System Stimulants
  • Receptors, Dopamine D2
  • Receptors, Dopamine D3
  • Methylphenidate
  • Ethanol
  • Raclopride
  • Dopamine