Activation of Piezo1 sensitizes cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis through mitochondrial outer membrane permeability

Cell Death Dis. 2019 Nov 4;10(11):837. doi: 10.1038/s41419-019-2063-6.

Abstract

TRAIL specifically induces apoptosis in cancer cells without affecting healthy cells. However, TRAIL's cancer cytotoxicity was insufficient in clinical trials. Circulatory-shear stress is known to sensitize cancer cells to TRAIL. In this study, we examine the mechanism of this TRAIL sensitization with the goal of translating it to static conditions. GsMTx-4, a Piezo1 inhibitor, was found to reduce shear stress-related TRAIL sensitization, implicating Piezo1 activation as a potential TRAIL-sensitizer. The Piezo1 agonist Yoda1 recreated shear stress-induced TRAIL sensitization under static conditions. A significant increase in apoptosis occurred when PC3, COLO 205, or MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with Yoda1 and TRAIL in combination, but not in Bax-deficient DU145 cells. Calpastatin inhibited apoptosis in Yoda1-TRAIL treated cells, indicating that calpain activation is necessary for apoptosis by Yoda1 and TRAIL. Yoda1 and TRAIL treated PC3 cells showed increased mitochondrial outer membrane permeability (MOMP), mitochondrial depolarization, and activated Bax. This implies that Piezo1 activation sensitizes cancer cells to TRAIL through a calcium influx that activates calpains. The Calpains then induce MOMP by enhancing Bax activation. From these experiments a computational model was developed to simulate apoptosis for cells treated with TRAIL and increased calcium. The computational model elucidated the proapoptotic or antiapoptotic roles of Bax, Bcl-2, XIAP, and other proteins important in the mitochondrial-apoptotic signaling pathway.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis*
  • Humans
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / pharmacology
  • Ion Channels / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Ion Channels / genetics
  • Ion Channels / metabolism*
  • Mitochondrial Membranes / metabolism*
  • Models, Biological*
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • PC-3 Cells
  • Permeability
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism
  • Pyrazines / pharmacology
  • Spider Venoms / pharmacology
  • TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / pharmacology*
  • Thiadiazoles / pharmacology
  • X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein / metabolism
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • BAX protein, human
  • BCL2 protein, human
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Ion Channels
  • MTx4 protein, Grammostola spatulata
  • PIEZO1 protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • Pyrazines
  • Spider Venoms
  • TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand
  • TNFSF10 protein, human
  • Thiadiazoles
  • X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein
  • XIAP protein, human
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein
  • yoda-1