Imperforate Anus

Imperforate anus or anal atresia is a congenital anorectal malformation (ARM) where a normal anal opening is absent at birth. ARMs comprise of a broad spectrum of defects ranging from minor (e.g., membranous covering) to complex cloacal malformations involving the urinary and genital tracts as well. Thus prognosis may vary greatly. ARMs commonly have associated maldevelopment of the pelvic muscles, including the external anal sphincter and nerves. About half of patients with ARM also have anomalies of other organ systems. These most commonly involve genitourinary and musculoskeletal systems. Delayed diagnosis may happen in one out of five neonates, despite routine postpartum evaluation. Such a delay may increase morbidity and mortality.