Spa-RQ: an Image Analysis Tool to Visualise and Quantify Spatial Phenotypes Applied to Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Sci Rep. 2019 Nov 26;9(1):17613. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-54038-9.

Abstract

To facilitate analysis of spatial tissue phenotypes, we created an open-source tool package named 'Spa-RQ' for 'Spatial tissue analysis: image Registration & Quantification'. Spa-RQ contains software for image registration (Spa-R) and quantitative analysis of DAB staining overlap (Spa-Q). It provides an easy-to-implement workflow for serial sectioning and staining as an alternative to multiplexed techniques. To demonstrate Spa-RQ's applicability, we analysed the spatial aspects of oncogenic KRAS-related signalling activities in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Using Spa-R in conjunction with ImageJ/Fiji, we first performed annotation-guided tumour-by-tumour phenotyping using multiple signalling markers. This analysis showed histopathology-selective activation of PI3K/AKT and MAPK signalling in Kras mutant murine tumours, as well as high p38MAPK stress signalling in p53 null murine NSCLC. Subsequently, Spa-RQ was applied to measure the co-activation of MAPK, AKT, and their mutual effector mTOR pathway in individual tumours. Both murine and clinical NSCLC samples could be stratified into 'MAPK/mTOR', 'AKT/mTOR', and 'Null' signature subclasses, suggesting mutually exclusive MAPK and AKT signalling activities. Spa-RQ thus provides a robust and easy to use tool that can be employed to identify spatially-distributed tissue phenotypes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • 3,3'-Diaminobenzidine
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / chemistry
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / pathology*
  • Genes, ras
  • Hematoxylin
  • Humans
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods*
  • Immunoenzyme Techniques
  • Lung Neoplasms / chemistry
  • Lung Neoplasms / pathology*
  • MAP Kinase Signaling System
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / analysis
  • Neoplasm Proteins / analysis*
  • Phenotype
  • Phosphoproteins / analysis
  • Proof of Concept Study
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / analysis
  • Signal Transduction
  • Software*
  • Staining and Labeling / methods
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / analysis

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • Phosphoproteins
  • 3,3'-Diaminobenzidine
  • mTOR protein, mouse
  • Akt1 protein, mouse
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases
  • Hematoxylin