Objective: To understand the consciousness of the cancer early detection among urban residents and identify the influencing factors from 2015 to 2017. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 16 provinces covered by the Cancer Screening Program in Urban China from 2015 to 2017. A total of 32 257 local residents aged ≥18 years old who could understand the investigation procedure were included in the study by using the cluster sampling method and convenient sampling method. All local residents were categorized into four groups, which contained 15 524 community residents, 8 016 cancer risk assessment/screening population, 2 289 cancer patients and 6 428 occupational population, respectively. Self-designed questionnaires were used to collect population, socioeconomic indicators, self-cancer risk assessment, regular participation in physical examination and other information. The multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify the factors of people who had not regularly participated in the regular physical examination in the past five years. Results: The self-assessment results of 32 357 residents showed that there were 27.54% (8 882) of total study population with self-reported cancer risk, 45.48% (14 671) without cancer risk and 26.98% (8 704) with unclear judgement on their own cancer risk. Among population with cancer risk, 79.84% (7 091) considered physical examination accounted. In the past five years, there were 21 105 (65.43%) residents participated in regular physical examination and 11 148 (34.56%) participated in non-scheduled one, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that compared with unmarried and western region residents, divorced, middle and eastern region residents had a stronger consciousness to participate in the regular physical examination (P<0.05). Compare with residents with annual household income less than 20 000 CNY in 2014, cancer risk assessment/screening intervention population, and self-assessment with cancer risk, residents with annual household income between 20 000 CNY and 59 000 CNY in 2014, occupational population, community residents, cancer patients, self-reported cancer-free risk, and self-assessment with unclear judgement of cancer risk were less likely to participate in the regular physical examination (all P values <0.05). Conclusion: From 2015 to 2017, the Chinese urban residents had a acceptable consciousness of the cancer early detection. The marital status, annual household income, population group and self-assessment of cancer risk were related to the consciousness of the cancer early detection of people who had not participated in the regular physical examination in the past five years.
目的： 分析2015—2017年中国城市早诊早治项目地区居民肿瘤早发现意识现况及相关因素。 方法： 采用横断面调查的方法，于2015—2017年以2015年度"城市癌症早诊早治项目"覆盖的16个项目省份为研究现场，采用整群及方便抽样的方法，将年龄≥18岁、能够理解调查程序的居民纳入研究。共纳入32 257名研究对象，社区居民、癌症风险评估/筛查干预人群、现患癌症患者及职业人群分别有15 524、8 016、2 289、6 428名。采用自制的调查问卷收集人口、社会经济学指标、自我患癌风险评价、是否定期参加体检等信息，并采用多因素logistic回归模型分析近5年未定期体检者体检意愿的相关因素。 结果： 研究对象中自评具有患病风险、不具有患病风险、不清楚者分别占27.54%、45.48%和26.98%；其中自评具有患癌风险者考虑体检的比例占79.84%。近5年参加定期体检、未定期体检者分别占65.43%和34.56%。多因素logistics回归模型分析结果显示，离婚人群、中部和东部的受访者的参加定期体检的意愿更为积极（P值均<0.05）；2014年家庭年收入在2.0万元~3.9万元者、4.0万元~5.9万元者、职业人群、社区居民、现患癌症患者、自评无患癌风险人群及不清楚自己患癌风险者参加体检的意愿较低（P值均<0.05）。 结论： 2015—2017年中国城市早诊早治项目地区居民肿瘤早发现意识较好；婚姻状况、家庭收入、人群分组、自我患病风险评价与近5年未定期参加体检者定期参加体检的意愿相关。.
Keywords: Cross-sectional; Health literacy; Neoplasms; Urban population; Weaker detection.