Allicin Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis of Human Epidural Scar Fibroblasts

World Neurosurg. 2020 Apr:136:e460-e468. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.01.031. Epub 2020 Jan 14.

Abstract

Background: Allicin can suppress liver and cardiac fibrosis; thus, we hypothesized that it might prevent scar tissue from extensive epidural fibrosis after laminectomy.

Methods: Human epidural scar fibroblasts were isolated from surgical specimens and treated with allicin at a gradient of concentrations. Morphology, viability, migration rate, cell cycle, and apoptosis rate were measured by fluorescence microscope, Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, scratch assay, and flow cytometry. Western blot was used to measure the expression level of proliferation-related proteins.

Results: After treatment by allicin, cell viability (P = 0.042) and migration rate (P = 0.010 in scratch assay and P = 0.025 in transwell assay) decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. The percentage of G1 phase cells significantly decreased (P = 0.017), whereas the percentage of S phase cells (P = 0.096) and G2 phase cells (P = 0.038) significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, the percentage of apoptotic cells increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner (P = 0.036). Compared with the control group, the expression level of proliferating cell nuclear antigen protein (P = 0.081) and Bcl-2 protein (P = 0.029) significantly decreased, whereas the BAX protein level significantly increased (P = 0.017).

Conclusions: Allicin can suppress human epidural scar fibroblast migration, induce cell apoptosis, and block cell proliferation at S phase and G2 phase.

Keywords: Allicin; Apoptosis; Epidural fibrosis; Fibroblasts; Proliferation.

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Cell Cycle / drug effects
  • Cell Movement / drug effects
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects*
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Cicatrix / pathology*
  • Disulfides
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Epidural Space / pathology*
  • Fibroblasts / cytology
  • Fibroblasts / drug effects*
  • Fibrosis / pathology
  • Humans
  • Lumbar Vertebrae
  • Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / metabolism
  • Sulfinic Acids / pharmacology*
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Disulfides
  • Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen
  • Sulfinic Acids
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein
  • allicin