On the nature of canine aural haematoma and its treatment with continuous vacuum drainage

Objectives: To evaluate continuous vacuum drainage from the convex side of the pinna for surgical treatment of aural haematoma in dogs. To investigate aural haematoma fluid and cartilage samples harvested during surgery in an attempt to elucidate the etiopathogenesis of the lesion.

Materials and methods: Ten client-owned dogs with aural haematoma were treated by convex-side vacuum drainage using different types of vacuum drains and containers and were followed-up for at least 6 months. Systemic blood samples and aural haematoma fluids were analysed for biochemical, haematologic and electrophoretic content. Cartilage samples were examined histologically.

Results: Nine of the 10 dogs were successfully treated without recurrence at 6 months postoperatively and with excellent cosmetic results. In one case, infection required early drain removal and delayed healing was associated with wrinkling of the pinna. Fluid sample analysis suggested that "aural haematoma" contains a transudate that accumulates within a cartilage-lined cavity. Histologic examination of the tissue samples revealed clefts of the pinna cartilage, with the luminal surface often lined with granulation tissue. Fluids and cartilage lacked evidence of inflammation.

Clinical significance: This technique was characterised by patient comfort, tolerance of drains, absence of dressings and good cosmetic outcome. The results of fluid analysis suggest that the term "aural seroma" would be more appropriate for this condition.