Introduction: enchondromas rarely exceed 3-6 cm in long bones. Although the risk of developing secondary chondrosarcoma has been reported up to 4% in solitary lesions, it is not known if size represents a risk factor for transformation.
Objective: to describe three exceptional cases of enchondromas of the entire femur whereof one dedifferentiated in chondrosarcoma.
Results: two patients present stable disease at 5 and 6 years of follow-up; the third, already diagnosed with a dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma, died 14 months after the index surgery for systemic disease.
Conclusion: based on these observations, our hypothesis is that lesion size is an important risk factor for malignant transformation.
Keywords: Atypic chondromatous tumor; CS, chondrosarcoma; EC, Enchondroma; Giant aggressive enchondroma; Secondary chondrosarcoma.
© 2019 Professor P K Surendran Memorial Education Foundation. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.