Arthrogenic human synovial cysts: immunohistochemical profile of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor-alpha

Background: Synovial cysts are currently classified as degenerative lesions affecting the joint capsule or adjacent structures.

Materials and methods: In our study we describe the results obtained in an immunohistochemical study comprising 18 patients with synovial cysts, performed to evaluate the pathophysiological role of some inflammatory cytokines such as: interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α).

Results: Results showed an over-expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 which appears to be involved in the onset and progression of the disease. At the present time it is not possible to affirm that these molecules play a direct role also due to the absence of further and more specific investigations. The authors therefore hypothesize that inhibition of inflammation may have a significant role in the pathogenesis and regression of synovial cysts.

Conclusions: Hence, these inflammatory cytokines may be considered potential therapeutic targets. The development of synthetic inhibitors of these inflammatory factors could lead to a reduction in the intensity of inflammation, thus inhibiting the onset and development of the disease.