1 Behavioral Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, K. Astridplein 26, B 2018 Antwerp, Belgium. Electronic address: [email protected].
2 Behavioral Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, K. Astridplein 26, B 2018 Antwerp, Belgium.
3 School of Biology, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT Leeds, UK; School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, TW20 0EY Egham, UK.
4 Behavioral Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium; Centre for Research and Conservation, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, K. Astridplein 26, B 2018 Antwerp, Belgium. Electronic address: [email protected].
Van Leeuwen et al. found that two peculiar interactive behaviors (social scratching and groom slapping) transmitted socially through bonobo networks across six European zoos.