Intravitreal Ziv-Aflibercept in Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema Refractory to Intravitreal Bevacizumab

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020 Mar 1;51(3):145-151. doi: 10.3928/23258160-20200228-03.

Abstract

Background and objective: To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal ziv-aflibercept (IVZ) in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) resistant to intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB).

Patients and methods: This prospective study was conducted in patients with persistent DME. Patients were switched to IVZ no longer than 6 weeks after the last three consecutive monthly IVB treatments and monitored over a course of 12 weeks. Changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT), and macular volume on optical coherence tomography were compared.

Results: A total of 59 eyes (38 patients) were included. Mean BCVA improved from 0.84 to 0.71 logMAR (P = .001) after first IVZ treatment and remained significant. In a subgroup analysis, this significance was observed only in the group with baseline visual acuity of less than 20/50. Mean CMT decreased from 479 μm to 364 μm (P = .004) after the first IVZ injections and remained significant.

Conclusion: IVZ may be best reserved for patients with persistent DME after initial failure with bevacizumab, with less likelihood for anatomic or functional improvement in those with mild persistent DME. [Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina. 2020;51:145-151.].

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Bevacizumab / administration & dosage*
  • Diabetic Retinopathy / complications
  • Diabetic Retinopathy / diagnosis
  • Diabetic Retinopathy / drug therapy*
  • Drug Resistance*
  • Female
  • Fluorescein Angiography
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Fundus Oculi
  • Humans
  • Intravitreal Injections
  • Macula Lutea / pathology
  • Macular Edema / diagnosis
  • Macular Edema / drug therapy*
  • Macular Edema / etiology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / administration & dosage*
  • Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / administration & dosage*
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence
  • Visual Acuity*

Substances

  • Angiogenesis Inhibitors
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • aflibercept
  • Bevacizumab
  • Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor