COVID-19 pandemic, coronaviruses, and diabetes mellitus

Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2020 May 1;318(5):E736-E741. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00124.2020. Epub 2020 Mar 31.

Abstract

The pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), a disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Older age and presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity significantly increases the risk for hospitalization and death in COVID-19 patients. In this Perspective, informed by the studies on SARS-CoV-2, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV), and the current literature on SARS-CoV-2, we discuss potential mechanisms by which diabetes modulates the host-viral interactions and host-immune responses. We hope to highlight gaps in knowledge that require further studies pertinent to COVID-19 in patients with diabetes.

Keywords: COVID-19; coronavirus; diabetes mellitus.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Betacoronavirus* / immunology
  • Betacoronavirus* / pathogenicity
  • COVID-19
  • Coronavirus Infections* / immunology
  • Coronavirus Infections* / mortality
  • Coronavirus Infections* / physiopathology
  • Coronavirus Infections* / virology
  • Diabetes Mellitus* / immunology
  • Diabetes Mellitus* / mortality
  • Host Microbial Interactions* / immunology
  • Humans
  • Pandemics*
  • Pneumonia, Viral* / immunology
  • Pneumonia, Viral* / mortality
  • Pneumonia, Viral* / physiopathology
  • Pneumonia, Viral* / virology
  • Risk Assessment
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Uncertainty
  • United States / epidemiology