Cognitive bias modification for threat interpretations: Impact on anxiety symptoms and stress reactivity

Depress Anxiety. 2020 May;37(5):438-448. doi: 10.1002/da.23018. Epub 2020 Apr 17.

Abstract

Background: Cognitive bias modification for interpretations (CBM-I) is a computerized intervention that has received increasing attention in the last decade as a potential experimental intervention for anxiety. Initial CBM-I trials with clinical populations suggest the potential utility of this approach. However, most CBM-I experiments have been conducted with unaffected samples, few (one or two) training sessions, and have not examined transfer effects to anxiety-related constructs such as stress reactivity.

Method: This study compared a 12-session CBM-I intervention (n = 12) to an interpretation control condition (ICC; n = 12) in individuals (N = 24) with elevated trait anxiety on interpretation bias, anxiety symptom, and stress reactivity outcomes (electrodermal activity, heart rate, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia).

Results: Compared to the ICC group, participants assigned to CBM-I experienced significantly greater improvements in interpretation bias and anxiety symptoms by post-intervention 4 weeks later, with impact on anxiety maintained at 1-month follow-up. While CBM-I and ICC groups did not differ in stress reactivity during an acute stressor at pre-intervention, the CBM-I group evidenced improved stress reactivity at post-intervention compared to ICC on two psychophysiological indices, electrodermal activity and heart rate.

Conclusions: The results of this pilot study suggest that CBM-I may hold promise for reducing anxiety symptoms, as well as impact psychophysiological arousal during an acute stressor.

Keywords: anxiety; cognitive bias modification; interpretation bias modification; stress reactivity.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anxiety / psychology
  • Anxiety / therapy*
  • Anxiety Disorders / psychology
  • Anxiety Disorders / therapy*
  • Arousal
  • Attention / physiology*
  • Bias
  • Cognition / physiology*
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / methods*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Pilot Projects
  • Psychoanalytic Interpretation
  • Social Behavior
  • Therapy, Computer-Assisted / methods*
  • Treatment Outcome