Clinical Consensus Recommendations Regarding Non-Invasive Respiratory Support in the Adult Patient with Acute Respiratory Failure Secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection

Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed). 2020 May;67(5):261-270. doi: 10.1016/j.redar.2020.03.006. Epub 2020 Apr 16.
[Article in English, Spanish]

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory tract infection caused by a newly emergent coronavirus, that was first recognized in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) has defined the infection as a global pandemic and there is a health and social emergency for the management of this new infection. While most people with COVID-19 develop only mild or uncomplicated illness, approximately 14% develop severe disease that requires hospitalization and oxygen support, and 5% require admission to an intensive care unit. In severe cases, COVID-19 can be complicated by the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sepsis and septic shock, and multiorgan failure. This consensus document has been prepared on evidence-informed guidelines developed by a multidisciplinary panel of health care providers from four Spanish scientific societies (Spanish Society of Intensive Care Medicine [SEMICYUC], Spanish Society of Pulmonologists [SEPAR], Spanish Society of Emergency [SEMES], Spanish Society of Anesthesiology, Reanimation, and Pain [SEDAR]) with experience in the clinical management of patients with COVID-19 and other viral infections, including SARS, as well as sepsis and ARDS. The document provides clinical recommendations for the noninvasive respiratory support (noninvasive ventilation, high flow oxygen therapy with nasal cannula) in any patient with suspected or confirmed presentation of COVID-19 with acute respiratory failure. This consensus guidance should serve as a foundation for optimized supportive care to ensure the best possible chance for survival and to allow for reliable comparison of investigational therapeutic interventions as part of randomized controlled trials.

Keywords: Aerosol-generating procedures; Control de infección.; High-flow nasal therapy; Infection control; Non-invasive mechanical ventilation; Procedimientos generadores de aerosoles; Terapia nasal de alto flujo; Ventilación mecánica no invasiva.

Publication types

  • Practice Guideline

MeSH terms

  • Betacoronavirus
  • COVID-19
  • Consensus
  • Coronavirus Infections / complications
  • Coronavirus Infections / diagnosis
  • Coronavirus Infections / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Noninvasive Ventilation / methods*
  • Pandemics
  • Pneumonia, Viral / complications
  • Pneumonia, Viral / diagnosis
  • Pneumonia, Viral / therapy*
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome / diagnosis*
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome / etiology
  • SARS-CoV-2