BMI, Infarct Size, and Clinical Outcomes Following Primary PCI: Patient-Level Analysis From 6 Randomized Trials

JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2020 Apr 27;13(8):965-972. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2020.02.004.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the association between body mass index (BMI), infarct size (IS) and clinical outcomes.

Background: The association between obesity, IS, and prognosis in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction is incompletely understood.

Methods: An individual patient-data pooled analysis was performed from 6 randomized trials of patients undergoing pPCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in which IS (percentage left ventricular mass) was assessed within 1 month (median 4 days) after randomization using either cardiac magnetic resonance (5 studies) or 99mTc sestamibi single-photon emission computed tomography (1 study). Patients were classified as normal weight (BMI <25 kg/m2), overweight (25 kg/m2 ≤BMI <30 kg/m2), or obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). The multivariable models were adjusted for age, sex, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, current smoking, left main or left anterior descending coronary artery infarct, baseline TIMI (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction) flow grade 0 or 1, prior myocardial infarction, symptom-to-first device time, and study.

Results: Among 2,238 patients undergoing pPCI, 644 (29%) were normal weight, 1,008 (45%) were overweight, and 586 (26%) were obese. BMI was not significantly associated with IS, microvascular obstruction, or left ventricular ejection fraction in adjusted or unadjusted analysis. BMI was also not associated with the 1-year composite risk for death or heart failure hospitalization (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.21 [95% confidence interval: 0.74 to 1.71] for overweight vs. normal [p = 0.59]; adjusted hazard ratio: 1.21 [95% confidence interval 0.74 to 1.97] for obese vs. normal [p = 0.45]) or for death or heart failure hospitalization separately. Results were consistent when BMI was modeled as a continuous variable.

Conclusions: In this individual patient-data pooled analysis of 2,238 patients undergoing pPCI for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, BMI was not associated with IS, microvascular obstruction, left ventricular ejection fraction, or 1-year rates of death or heart failure hospitalization.

Keywords: angioplasty; body mass index; heart failure; infarct size; prognosis.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Body Mass Index*
  • Female
  • Heart Failure / mortality
  • Heart Failure / physiopathology
  • Heart Failure / therapy
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardium / pathology*
  • Obesity / diagnosis*
  • Obesity / mortality
  • Obesity / physiopathology
  • Patient Readmission
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / mortality
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / diagnostic imaging
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / mortality
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / physiopathology
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / therapy*
  • Stroke Volume
  • Time Factors
  • Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Function, Left