Multiplex T Cell Stimulation Assay Utilizing a T Cell Activation Reporter-Based Detection System

Front Immunol. 2020 Apr 9:11:633. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00633. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

Recent advancements in single cell sequencing technologies allow for identification of numerous immune-receptors expressed by T cells such as tumor-specific and autoimmune T cells. Determining antigen specificity of those cells holds immense therapeutic promise. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop a method that can efficiently test antigen reactivity of multiple T cell receptors (TCRs) with limited cost, time, and labor. Nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) is a transcription factor involved in producing cytokines and is often utilized as a reporter system for T cell activation. Using a NFAT-based fluorescent reporter system, we generated T-hybridoma cell lines that express intensely fluorescent proteins in response to antigen stimulation and constitutively express additional fluorescent proteins, which serve as identifiers of each T-hybridoma expressing a unique TCR. This allows for the combination of multiple T-hybridoma lines within a single reaction. Sensitivity to stimulation is not decreased by adding fluorescent proteins or multiplexing T cells. In multiplexed reactions, response by one cell line does not induce response in others, thus preserving specificity. This multiplex assay system will be a useful tool for antigen discovery research in a variety of contexts, including using combinatorial peptide libraries to determine T cell epitopes.

Keywords: T cell receptors; antigens; epitopes; multiplex assay; reporter.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • CD3 Complex / metabolism*
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / immunology
  • Genes, Reporter
  • Genetic Vectors
  • Hybridomas
  • Immunization
  • Immunoassay / methods*
  • Lymphocyte Activation
  • Mice
  • NFATC Transcription Factors / genetics
  • NFATC Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / metabolism*
  • Retroviridae / genetics*
  • Signal Transduction

Substances

  • CD3 Complex
  • Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte
  • NFATC Transcription Factors
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell