Abstract
Nucleoside analogues have proven to be highly successful chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of a wide variety of cancers. Several such compounds, including gemcitabine and cytarabine, are the go-to option in first-line treatments. However, these materials do have limitations and the development of next generation compounds remains a topic of significant interest and necessity. Herein, we discuss recent advances in the chemical synthesis and biological evaluation of nucleoside analogues as potential anticancer agents. Focus is paid to 4'-heteroatom substitution of the furanose oxygen, 2'-, 3'-, 4'- and 5'-position ring modifications and the development of new prodrug strategies for these materials.
Keywords:
anti-cancer; chemical synthesis; chemotherapeutic; heteroatom replacement; nucleoside analogue; prodrug.
MeSH terms
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Adenosine / analogs & derivatives
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Adenosine / chemical synthesis
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Adenosine / pharmacology
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Animals
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Antineoplastic Agents / chemical synthesis*
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Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
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Cell Line, Tumor
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Drug Design*
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Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor*
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Furans / chemistry
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Humans
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K562 Cells
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Mice
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Molecular Structure
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Nucleosides / analogs & derivatives*
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Nucleosides / chemical synthesis
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Oxygen / chemistry
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Prodrugs / chemical synthesis
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Prodrugs / pharmacology
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Purine Nucleosides / chemical synthesis
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Purine Nucleosides / pharmacology
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Pyrimidinones / chemical synthesis
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Pyrimidinones / pharmacology
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Thionucleosides / chemical synthesis
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Thionucleosides / pharmacology
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Vitamin E / administration & dosage
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Furans
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Nucleosides
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Prodrugs
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Purine Nucleosides
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Pyrimidinones
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Thionucleosides
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Vitamin E
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forodesine
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neplanocin A
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Adenosine
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Oxygen