Enhanced Integrin Activation of PLD2-Deficient Platelets Accelerates Inflammation after Myocardial Infarction

Int J Mol Sci. 2020 May 1;21(9):3210. doi: 10.3390/ijms21093210.

Abstract

Background: Phospholipase (PL)D1 is crucial for integrin αIIbβ3 activation of platelets in arterial thrombosis and TNF-α-mediated inflammation and TGF-β-mediated collagen scar formation after myocardial infarction (MI) in mice. Enzymatic activity of PLD is not responsible for PLD-mediated TNF-α signaling and myocardial healing. The impact of PLD2 in ischemia reperfusion injury is unknown.

Methods: PLD2-deficient mice underwent myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R).

Results: Enhanced integrin αIIbβ3 activation of platelets resulted in elevated interleukin (IL)-6 release from endothelial cells in vitro and enhanced IL-6 plasma levels after MI in PLD2-deficient mice. This was accompanied by enhanced migration of inflammatory cells into the infarct border zone and reduced TGF-β plasma levels after 72 h that might account for enhanced inflammation in PLD2-deficient mice. In contrast to PLD1, TNF-α signaling, infarct size and cardiac function 24 h after I/R were not altered when PLD2 was deleted. Furthermore, TGF-β plasma levels, scar formation and heart function were comparable between PLD2-deficient and control mice 21 days post MI.

Conclusions: The present study contributes to our understanding about the role of PLD isoforms and altered platelet signaling in the process of myocardial I/R injury.

Keywords: Interleukin-6; Phospholipase D2; TGF-β; TNF-α; inflammation; integrin; myocardial infarction.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Platelets / metabolism*
  • Cell Survival
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Disease Susceptibility
  • Endothelial Cells / metabolism
  • Gene Expression
  • Integrins / chemistry
  • Integrins / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Myocardial Infarction / complications*
  • Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / etiology
  • Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / metabolism
  • Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / pathology
  • Myocarditis / etiology*
  • Myocarditis / metabolism*
  • Myocarditis / pathology
  • Phospholipase D / deficiency*

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Cytokines
  • Integrins
  • phospholipase D2
  • Phospholipase D