Prevalence and factors associated with obesity among the oldest old

Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2020 Jul-Aug:89:104069. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104069. Epub 2020 Apr 10.

Abstract

Purpose: To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity, and to identify factors associated with obesity, among the oldest old.

Methods: For this study, data from follow-up (FU) wave 7 and FU wave 8 of the "Study on Needs, Health Service Use, Costs and Health-Related Quality of Life in a Large Sample of Oldest-Old Primary Care Patients (85+)" (AgeQualiDe) were used. At FU wave 7, the mean age was 88.9 years (SD: 2.9; 85-100 years). Body-mass-index (BMI) categories were defined according to the World Health Organization (WHO) thresholds: underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m²), normal weight (18.5 kg/m² ≤ BMI < 25 kg/m²), overweight (25 kg/m² ≤ BMI < 30 kg/m²), and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²). Longitudinal regression analysis was used to determine factors associated with obesity.

Results: At FU wave 7, 3.0 % were underweight, 48.9 % were normal weight, 37.9 % were overweight, and 10.2 % were obese. Regressions showed that the probability of obesity decreased with age (OR: 0.77 [95 % CI: .593-.999]) and less chronic conditions (OR: 1.32 [95 % CI: 1.11-1.57]). The probability of obesity was not associated with sex, educational level, marital status, social isolation, visual impairment, hearing impairment, depression, and dementia.

Conclusion: Nearly half of the individuals in very late life had excess weight. Thus, excess weight remains a major challenge, even in very old age. Given the demographic ageing in upcoming decades, this is an issue which we should be aware of.

Keywords: Age; Body-Mass-Index; Excess weight; Late life; Longitudinal studies; Obesity; Oldest old; Overweight; Underweight.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Body Mass Index
  • Humans
  • Obesity* / epidemiology
  • Overweight* / epidemiology
  • Prevalence
  • Quality of Life*
  • Thinness / epidemiology