Impact of endovascular reperfusion on low National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score large-vessel occlusion stroke

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020 Jul;29(7):104836. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104836. Epub 2020 May 13.

Abstract

Introduction: Effectiveness of mechanical thrombectomy for mild-deficit stroke due to large-vessel occlusion is controversial. We present a single-center consecutive case series on thrombectomy for large-vessel occlusion mild stroke. We evaluated various thrombectomy parameters to better understand disagreement in the literature.

Methods: Data from a retrospective cohort of large-vessel occlusion mild stroke patients (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale <6) treated with mechanical thrombectomy over 6 years and 2 months were analyzed. Patients were divided into 2 groups: successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 2b or 3) and failed reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction 0,1, or 2a). Ninety-day modified Rankin Scale in-hospital mortality, and symptomatic hemorrhage rates were compared between groups. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate reperfusion status as a predictor of 90-day favorable (modified Rankin Scale 0-2) and excellent (modified Rankin Scale 0-1) outcomes.

Results: We identified 61 patients with large-vessel occlusion mild stroke who underwent thrombectomy. Reperfusion was successful in 49 patients and a failure in 12. The successful group exhibited significantly higher rates of favorable outcome (83.7% vs. 25.0%; p < 0.001) and excellent outcome (69.4% vs.16.7%; p = 0.002) at 90 days. In-hospital mortality was significantly higher in the failure group (41.7% vs.10.2%; p = 0.019). Multivariate logistic regression identified successful reperfusion as a significant predictor (p = 0.001) of 90-day favorable outcome.

Conclusion: Reperfusion success was significantly associated with improved functional outcomes in large-vessel occlusion mild stroke mechanical thrombectomy. Future studies should consider reperfusion rates when evaluating the effectiveness of thrombectomy against that of medical management in these patients.

Keywords: Endovascular reperfusion; Large-vessel occlusion; Mechanical thrombectomy; Mild-deficit ischemic stroke.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Brain Ischemia / diagnosis
  • Brain Ischemia / mortality
  • Brain Ischemia / physiopathology
  • Brain Ischemia / therapy*
  • Cerebrovascular Circulation*
  • Disability Evaluation
  • Endovascular Procedures* / adverse effects
  • Endovascular Procedures* / mortality
  • Female
  • Hospital Mortality
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Recovery of Function
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke / diagnosis
  • Stroke / mortality
  • Stroke / physiopathology
  • Stroke / therapy*
  • Thrombectomy* / adverse effects
  • Thrombectomy* / mortality
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome