Relationship Between the Consumption of Milk-Based Oils Including Butter and Kermanshah Ghee with Metabolic Syndrome: Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease Cohort Study

Elham Ahmadi; Hadi Abdollahzad; Yahya Pasdar; Shahab Rezaeian; Jalal Moludi; Seyed Mostafa Nachvak; Roghayeh Mostafai

doi:10.2147/DMSO.S247412

Relationship Between the Consumption of Milk-Based Oils Including Butter and Kermanshah Ghee with Metabolic Syndrome: Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease Cohort Study

Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020 May 5:13:1519-1530. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S247412. eCollection 2020.

Authors

Elham Ahmadi¹, Hadi Abdollahzad^{2

3}, Yahya Pasdar², Shahab Rezaeian³, Jalal Moludi³, Seyed Mostafa Nachvak², Roghayeh Mostafai²

Affiliations

¹ Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
² Department of Nutrition Sciences, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
³ Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in recent years has been growing in different societies, which may be due to lifestyle changes including changes in diet, in particular the consumption pattern of edible oils. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the consumption of animal oils including butter and Kermanshah ghee with MetS and its components in the adult population of Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 5550 adults aged 35-65 years using baseline data of Ravansar's prospective study center in Iran. MetS was defined according to the criteria of modified NCEP ATP III for Iranian adults. Relationship between the consumption of butter and Kermanshah ghee and MetS was analyzed by logistic regression model using STATA software.

Results: In our study, the frequency of MetS was 31.40%. The mean body mass index and mean age were 27.1±4.6 kg/m² and 47.6±8.2 years. The mean values of consumed butter and Kermanshah ghee were 3.3±1.8 and 5.1±2.3 g/day, respectively. After adjusting the confounding variables, the highest to the lowest quintile of butter and Kermanshah ghee consumption showed a reverse correlation with the MetS (OR = 0.7, 95% CI = 0.5-0.9) and (OR= 0.7, 95% CI=0.6-0.9), respectively.

Conclusion: This study revealed a reverse relationship between milk and Kermanshah ghee consumption with MetS and its components. Therefore, consumption of milk-based oils may be associated with lower cardiovascular risk factors.

Keywords: Kermanshah ghee; Ravansar cohort; butter; metabolic syndrome; oil.

Grants and funding

RaNCD is part of the PERSIAN national cohort, and we would like to thank Prof. Reza Malekzadeh, the Deputy of Research and Technology at the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran and Director of the PERSIAN cohort, as well as Dr. Hossein Poustchi, the Executive Director of the PERSIAN cohort, for all their support during the design and implementation of the RaNCD cohort. This study was supported by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran and Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (grant No. 92472).