Abstract
Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is a potential immune-related adverse event (irAE) of immunotherapy (e.g., checkpoint inhibitor). If not identified and treated promptly, AI can be life-threatening. Unlike other irAEs, AI may be irreversible, requiring long-term glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid replacement. Provider and patient education are essential in the management of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced AI.
Keywords:
adrenal insufficiency; immune checkpoint inhibitor; immune-related adverse event.
MeSH terms
-
Adrenal Insufficiency / chemically induced*
-
Adrenal Insufficiency / drug therapy*
-
Adult
-
Aged
-
Aged, 80 and over
-
Curriculum
-
Education, Nursing, Continuing
-
Female
-
Glucocorticoids / therapeutic use*
-
Humans
-
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors / adverse effects*
-
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors / therapeutic use
-
Immunotherapy / adverse effects
-
Male
-
Middle Aged
-
Mineralocorticoids / therapeutic use*
-
Neoplasms / drug therapy*
-
Nivolumab / adverse effects*
-
Nivolumab / pharmacology
-
Nursing Staff, Hospital / education
-
Oncology Nursing / education
Substances
-
Glucocorticoids
-
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
-
Mineralocorticoids
-
Nivolumab