Abstract
The novel coronavirus disease 2019, otherwise known as COVID-19, is a global pandemic with primary respiratory manifestations in those who are symptomatic. It has spread to >187 countries with a rapidly growing number of affected patients. Underlying cardiovascular disease is associated with more severe manifestations of COVID-19 and higher rates of mortality. COVID-19 can have both primary (arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and myocarditis) and secondary (myocardial injury/biomarker elevation and heart failure) cardiac involvement. In severe cases, profound circulatory failure can result. This review discusses the presentation and management of patients with severe cardiac complications of COVID-19 disease, with an emphasis on a Heart-Lung team approach in patient management. Furthermore, it focuses on the use of and indications for acute mechanical circulatory support in cardiogenic and/or mixed shock.
Keywords:
acute coronary syndrome; cardiovascular diseases; coronavirus; heart failure; myocardial infarction; shock, cardiogenic.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Review
MeSH terms
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Acute Coronary Syndrome / complications
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Acute Coronary Syndrome / therapy*
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Anti-Bacterial Agents / adverse effects
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Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
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Arrhythmias, Cardiac / chemically induced
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Arrhythmias, Cardiac / complications
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Arrhythmias, Cardiac / therapy*
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Azithromycin / adverse effects
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Betacoronavirus
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COVID-19
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Cardiotonic Agents / therapeutic use
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Chronic Disease
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Coronavirus Infections / complications
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Coronavirus Infections / therapy*
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Cytokine Release Syndrome / complications
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Cytokine Release Syndrome / therapy
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Enzyme Inhibitors / adverse effects
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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
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Heart Failure / etiology
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Heart Failure / therapy*
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Heart-Assist Devices
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Humans
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Hydroxychloroquine / adverse effects
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Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping
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Myocardial Infarction / complications
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Myocardial Infarction / therapy
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Myocarditis / complications
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Myocarditis / therapy*
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Pandemics
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Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
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Pneumonia, Viral / complications
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Pneumonia, Viral / therapy*
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SARS-CoV-2
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Shock, Cardiogenic / etiology
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Shock, Cardiogenic / therapy
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Thromboembolism
Substances
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Anti-Bacterial Agents
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Antiviral Agents
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Cardiotonic Agents
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Enzyme Inhibitors
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Hydroxychloroquine
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Azithromycin