Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide as well as in China. For many years, conventional oncologic treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy (RT) have dominated the field of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The recent introduction of immunotherapy in clinical practice, led to a paradigm shift in lung cancer as in many other solid tumors. Recent pre-clinical and clinical data have shown RT may also modify antitumor immune responses through induction of immunogenic cell death and reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment. This has led many to reexamine RT as a partner therapy to immuno-oncology treatments and investigate their potential synergy in an exponentially growing number of clinical trials. Clinical trials combining radiotherapy and immunotherapy are attracting major attention, experts were invited to discuss frontier and controversial academic topics: (1) Recent developments of clinical synergy between radiation and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in the treatment of NSCLC; (2) Will immunotherapy and radiotherapy increase the toxicity risk for cancer patients; (3) How to cope the mixed responses/disassociated responses phenomenon in checkpoint inhibition therapy to NSCLC with local ablative therapy; (4) Combining radiotherapy and immunotherapy in the treatment of NSCLC brain metastases.
【中文题目：放疗联合免疫治疗非小细胞肺癌：前沿学术问题专家交流共识】 【中文摘要：肺癌是目前导致全球和中国癌症患者死亡的主要瘤种。多年来，常规的肿瘤治疗方法，如手术、化疗和放疗一直主导着非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC）治疗领域。临床实践中引入免疫疗法使肺癌的治疗与其他实体瘤一样发生了根本性转变。最新临床前和临床数据表明，放疗可以通过诱导免疫原性细胞死亡和重新编程肿瘤微环境促进抗肿瘤免疫反应。研究者开始重新审视放疗作为免疫治疗的联合疗法，导致研究其潜在协同作用的临床试验数量呈指数级增长。放疗联合免疫治疗的临床试验引起了医疗界的广泛关注，会议邀请专家交流前沿及争议学术问题：①放疗联合免疫检查点抑制剂治疗NSCLC最新进展；②放疗联合免疫治疗是否显著增加毒性；③免疫检查点抑制剂治疗后出现的混合反应及局部治疗的干预价值；④放疗联合免疫治疗脑转移瘤的机制和进展。】 【中文关键词：免疫检查点抑制剂；肿瘤；放疗；免疫治疗；不良反应；毒性；混合反应；脑转移】.
Keywords: Adverse effects; Brain metastases; Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Immunotherapy; Mixed responses; Neoplasms; Radiotherapy; Toxicity.