Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty Followed by Impella®-Assisted Left Main Coronary Artery Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis as a Bridge to Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

Background: The use of Impella® to provide hemodynamic support during unprotected left main coronary artery (LMCA) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been shown to be feasible, but severe AS is a relative contraindication for its use. Balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) may facilitate the use of Impella® in these patients.

Objective: To assess the feasibility of BAV followed by Impella®-assisted LMCA PCI in patients with severe AS as bridge to TAVR.

Methods: Patients with symptomatic severe AS with LMCA stenosis ≥70% requiring PCI prior to TAVR were included. Outcomes were retrospectively collected.

Results: Seven patients underwent BAV followed by Impella®-assisted LMCA PCI. Five patients were male; mean age 86 (75-91; SD ± 5.5). Mean STS score was 6.5% (4.3-13.8; SD ± 3.4). Impella® 2.5 L was used in all cases. The procedure was successful in all patients without peri-procedure complications. At 30-day post-BAV/PCI follow up, all patients had experienced improvement in NYHA class (N = 2 NYHA IV to III, N = 5 NYHA III to II). At such interval, mean EF was 54% (30-77; SD ± 17.7). The post BAV change in AVA [0.8 cm² (0.4-1.5; SD ± 0.3; P = 0.07)], and AV mean gradient [30.8 mmHg (21-45; SD ± 8.9; P = 0.95)] after the procedure were not statistically significant. All patients underwent TAVR after a median PCI-to-TAVR interval of 62 days (33-339; SD ± 96.7).

Conclusions: BAV followed by Impella®-assisted LMCA PCI appears to be a feasible strategy for intermediate and high surgical risk patients with severe AS undergoing LMCA PCI as bridge to TAVR.