Enhanced postoperative recovery with minimally invasive cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal surface malignancies of gastrointestinal origin

Surg Oncol. 2020 Jun:33:38-42. doi: 10.1016/j.suronc.2019.12.006. Epub 2019 Dec 19.

Abstract

Background: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) are the treatment of choice for select patients with peritoneal surface malignancies; however, the traditional open approach may be associated with significant morbidity. We evaluated postoperative outcomes with minimally invasive (MI) CRS and HIPEC.

Methods: Review of our institutional database identified 47 patients who underwent optimal cytoreduction (CC0 or CC1). Those with a PCI ≤ 15 and primary malignancy of gastrointestinal origin were then selected for subgroup analysis. Multivariable regression was performed to identify factors impacting postoperative outcomes.

Results: Demographic data did not significantly differ between open (n = 24) and minimally invasive (n = 9) groups. The MI group had a mean age of 57.34 ± 14.92, BMI of 27.03 ± 4.27, Charlson comorbidity score of 1.78 ± 1.72, and PCI of 5.56 ± 5.08. Mean time to flatus (days) was 2.78 in the MI group and 5.04 in the open group (p < 0.001), and mean length of IV analgesic use (days) was 3.11 in the MI group compared to 6.00 in the open group (p = 0.006). Mean length of stay (days) was 5.11 in the MI group and 8.67 in the open group (p = 0.033). Surgical approach (p = 0.037) and BMI (p = 0.039) were the only factors impacting length of stay.

Conclusions: Minimally invasive CRS and HIPEC is an excellent option for low volume peritoneal disease of gastrointestinal origin. A minimally invasive approach yields faster return of bowel function, reduced postoperative analgesia requirements, and shorter hospital stay.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Body Mass Index
  • Carcinoma / secondary
  • Carcinoma / therapy*
  • Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures / methods*
  • Female
  • Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Humans
  • Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy / methods*
  • Laparoscopy
  • Length of Stay / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / secondary
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Recovery of Function
  • Robotic Surgical Procedures / methods*