Currently, intraocular pressure is the only modifiable risk factor for glaucoma; thus, identifying other modifiable determinants may have far-reaching outcomes. There has been increasing interest in vitamin D status and glaucoma pathogenesis as low vitamin D has been identified by some studies as an independent risk factor for glaucoma. Although the exact mechanism of vitamin D in glaucoma remains uncertain, there is sufficient evidence to continue research in this area. There is a potential physiological role for vitamin D as an anti-inflammatory agent in the oxidative stress-driven pathogenesis of primary open-angle glaucoma, and further studies are required to evaluate the temporal and causal relationship. Ocular vitamin D status in the tear, aqueous and vitreous fluid is a prospective gap in research.
Keywords: Colour vision; Contact lens; Epidemiology; Genetics; Glaucoma; Immunology; Infection; Intraocular pressure; Optic Nerve.
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.