Not only in my genes: The effects of peers' genotype on obesity

J Health Econ. 2020 Jul:72:102349. doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2020.102349. Epub 2020 Jun 14.

Abstract

We use data from three waves of Add Health to study the short- and long-run effects of high school peers' genetic predisposition to high BMI-measured by grade-mates' average BMI polygenic scores-on adolescent and adult obesity in the U.S. We find that, in the short-run, a one standard deviation increase in peers' average BMI polygenic scores raises the probability of obesity for females by 2.8% points, about half the size of the effect induced by a one standard deviation increase in one's own polygenic score. No significant effect is found for males. In the long-run, however, the social-genetic effect fades away, while the effect of one's own genetic risk for BMI increases substantially. We suggest that mechanisms explaining the short-run effect for females include changes in nutrition habits and a distorted perception of body size.

Keywords: Add Health; BMI polygenic scores; Obesity; Peer effects.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Female
  • Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  • Genotype
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Obesity* / epidemiology
  • Obesity* / genetics
  • Peer Group*
  • Risk Factors