Meta-analysis Examining the Usefulness of Angiotensin Receptor blockers for the Prevention of Aortic Root Dilation in Patients With the Marfan Syndrome

Am J Cardiol. 2020 Aug 1:128:101-106. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.04.034. Epub 2020 May 19.

Abstract

The Marfan syndrome (MFS) patients are highly predisposed to thoracic aortic aneurysm and/or dissection, with virtually every patient having evidence of aortic disease at some point during their lifetime. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in slowing down the progression of aortic dilatation in MFS patients. PUBMED, EMBASE, and COCHRANE databases were searched for relevant articles published from inception to February 1, 2020. We included randomized clinical trials evaluating the effect of ARBs on aortic root size in patients with MFS with a follow-up period of at least 2.5 years. Seven studies were included with a total of 1,510 patients. Our analysis demonstrated a significantly smaller change in aortic root and ascending aorta dilation in the ARBs treated group when compared with placebo (mean difference 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.31 to -0.04; p = 0.04, I2 = 94%, and mean difference -0.13, 95% CI -0.17 to -0.09; p < 0.00001, I2 = 0%, respectively). ARBs as an add-on therapy to beta-blockers resulted in a significantly smaller change in aortic root dilation when compared with the arm without ARBs (mean difference -2.06, 95% CI -2.54 to -1.58; p < 0.00001, I2 = 91%). However, there was no statistically significant difference in the number of clinical events (aortic complications/surgery) observed in the ARBs arm when compared with placebo (Risk ratio of 1.01, 95% CI 0.74 to 1.38; p = 0.94, I2 = 0%). In conclusion, ARBs therapy is associated with a slower progression of aortic root dilation when compared with placebo and as an addition to beta-blocker therapy.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis

MeSH terms

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / therapeutic use*
  • Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / therapeutic use*
  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / therapeutic use
  • Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / etiology
  • Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic / prevention & control
  • Aortic Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Diseases / etiology
  • Aortic Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Dilatation, Pathologic / diagnostic imaging
  • Dilatation, Pathologic / etiology
  • Dilatation, Pathologic / prevention & control
  • Disease Progression
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Echocardiography
  • Humans
  • Irbesartan / therapeutic use
  • Losartan / therapeutic use
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Marfan Syndrome / complications
  • Marfan Syndrome / drug therapy*

Substances

  • Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
  • Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers
  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
  • Irbesartan
  • Losartan