Distal pancreatectomy in cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: Identifying risk and improving patient selection

Am J Surg. 2020 Nov;220(5):1235-1241. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.06.045. Epub 2020 Jul 5.

Abstract

Background: Cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC) has become a principal tool in the management of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC), but inclusion of pancreatic resection to obtain optimal debulking remains controversial.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 419 patients with PC who underwent CRS/HIPEC. The patients were divided into two cohorts, those with distal pancreatectomy (DP) and those without (NP), and morbidity and survival outcomes were compared.

Results: The DP cohort (n = 37) and the NP cohort (n = 371) had similar clinicopathologic characteristics (age, p = 0.596; gender, p = 0.328; ASA, p = 0.072). Operative time, number of organs resected, and EBL were greater in the DP cohort (<0.0001). A complete cytoreduction was achieved in 90% of the NP cohort versus 69% of the DP cohort (p = 0.0004). Major perioperative morbidity was more common in those with pancreatic resection (41% vs 19%, p = 0.002). However, there was no significant difference in 90-day mortality or overall survival.

Conclusion: Achieving complete cytoreduction is critical to improving long term outcomes for patients with PC. Although pancreatic resections are associated with higher morbidity, short-term survival is not impacted adversely. Pancreatic involvement should not be a strict exclusion criterion for CRS/HIPEC, but patients need to be selected carefully, with close attention to disease burden prior to proceeding.

Keywords: Cytoreductive surgery; Distal pancreatectomy; Peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Abscess / epidemiology
  • Anastomotic Leak / epidemiology
  • Blood Loss, Surgical
  • Blood Transfusion
  • Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy*
  • Intensive Care Units
  • Intraoperative Complications
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • New York / epidemiology
  • Operative Time
  • Pancreatectomy* / adverse effects
  • Patient Admission / statistics & numerical data
  • Patient Selection
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / mortality
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / secondary
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Pleural Effusion, Malignant / epidemiology
  • Progression-Free Survival
  • Retrospective Studies